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Active Voice
Indicative
| Past | Present | Future |
| Simple | Simple | Simple |
| did {base} {preterit} |
{base} | will {base} |
| did write wrote |
write | will write |
| Continuous | Continuous | Continuous |
| BE {gerund} | BE {gerund} | will be {gerund} |
| was/were writing | am/is/are writing | will be writing |
| Perfect | Perfect | Perfect |
| had {perfect} | HAVE {perfect} | will have {perfect} |
| had written | has/have written | will have written |
| Continuous Perfect | Continuous Perfect | Continuous Perfect |
| had been {gerund} | HAVE been {gerund} | will have been {gerund} |
| had been writing | has/have been writing | will have been writing |
Imperative
| Commanding | Permissive | Continuative |
| Simple | Let [O] {base} | Keep {gerund} |
| {base} | Let me/him/us/them write. | Keep writing. |
| Write. | ||
| Allow [O] to {base} | Continue {gerund} | |
| Volitive | Allow me/him/us/them to write. | Continue writing. |
| Get {gerund} | ||
| Get writing. | ||
| Volitive Continuous |
||
| Start {gerund} | ||
| Start writing. |
Subjunctive
* “Were” is formal, “was” is allowable.
| Past | Present | Future |
| If [S] had {perfect} | If [S] were/was {gerund} | If [S] were/was to {base} |
| If I had written… | If I were/was writing… | If I were/was to write… |
| If Joe had written… | If Joe were/was writing… | If Joe were/was to write… |
| If we/they had written… | If we/they were writing… | If we/they were to write… |
| Had [S] {perfect} | Were/Was [S] {gerund} | Were/Was [S] to {base} |
| Had I written… | Were/Was I writing… | Were/Was I to write… |
| Had Joe written… | Were/Was Joe writing… | Were/Was Joe to write… |
| Had we/they written… | Were we/they writing… | Were we/they to write… |
* For tone, “should” & “would” can replace “will”; “would have” & “should have” can replace “had”.
| Past Continuous | Present Continuous | Future Continuous |
| If [S] had been {gerund} | If [S] BE to be {gerund} | If [S] will be {gerund} |
| If Joe had been writing… | If I am to be writing… | If Joe will be writing… |
| If we are to be writing… | ||
| Had [S] been {gerund} | If Joe is to be writing… | Would/Should [S] be {gerund} |
| Had Joe been writing… | If they are to be writing… | Would/Should Joe be writing… |
Passive Voice
* Generally, Passive use either BE or adds “be/been/being”, using the Perfect verb form.
Indicative
| Past | Present | Future |
| Simple | Simple | Simple |
| BE {perfect} | BE {perfect} | will be {perfect} |
| was/were written | am/is/are written | will be written |
| Continuous | Continuous | Continuous |
| BE being {perfect} | BE being {perfect} | will be being {perfect} |
| was/were being written |
am/is/are being written |
will be being written |
| Perfect | Perfect | Perfect |
| had been {perfect} | HAVE been {perfect} | will have been {perfect} |
| had been written | has/have been written | will have been written |
| Continuous Perfect | Continuous Perfect | Continuous Perfect |
| had been being {perfect} | HAVE been being {perfect} | will have been being {perfect} |
| had been being written | has/have been being written | will have been being written |
Imperative
| Commanding | Permissive | Continuative |
| Simple | Let [O] be {perfect} | Keep (being) {perfect} |
| be {perfect} | Let me/him/us/them be written. | Keep (being) written. |
| Be written. | ||
| Allow [O] to be {perfect} | Continue being {perfect} | |
| Volitive | Allow me/us/them to be written. | Continue being written. |
| Get {perfect} | ||
| Get written. | ||
| Volitive Continuous | ||
| Start being {perfect} | ||
| Start being written. |
Subjunctive
* “Were” is formal, “was” is allowable.
| Past | Present | Future |
| If [S] had been {perfect} | If [S] were/was being {perfect} | If [S] were/was to be {perfect} |
| If I had been written… | If I were/was being written… | If I were/was to be written… |
| If Joe had been written… | If Joe were/was being written… | If Joe were/was to be written… |
| If we/they had been written… | If we/they were being written… | If we/they were to be written… |
| Had [S] been {perfect} | Were/Was [S] being {perfect} | Were/Was [S] to be {perfect} |
| Had I been written… | Were/Was I being written… | Were/Was I to be written… |
| Had Joe been written… | Were/Was Joe being written… | Were/Was Joe to be written… |
| Had we/they been written… | Were we/they being written… | Were we/they to be written… |
* For tone, “should” & “would” can replace “will”; “would have” & “should have” can replace “had”.
| Past Continuous | Present Continuous | Future Continuous |
| If [S] had been being {perfect} | If [S] BE to be being {perfect} | If [S] will be being {perfect} |
| If Joe had been being writing… | If I am to be being written… | If Joe will be being written… |
| If we are to be being written… | ||
| Had [S] been being {perfect} | If Joe is to be being written… | Would/Should [S] be being {perfect} |
| Had Joe been being written… | If they are to be being written… | Would/Should Joe be being written… |